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REPUBLICAN PARTY:
The Republican Party (often referred to as the GOP, for "Grand Old Party") is one of the two major political parties in the United States' two-party system, along with the Democratic Party.
The Republican Party was established in 1854 by a coalition of former Whigs, Northern Democrats, and Free-Soilers who opposed the expansion of slavery and held a vision for modernizing the United States. The party initially had its base in the Northeast and Midwest, but in recent decades that has shifted to the inland West, and especially the South. In the modern political era, the Republican Party has been the more socially conservative and economically libertarian of the two major parties.
The current President of the U.S., George W. Bush, is the party leader; he chose Ken Mehlman as the chairman of the Republican National Committee in January 2005. Since 2002, the Republicans have controlled the Congress with majorities in the Senate and in the House of Representatives. Their symbol is the elephant.
Eighteen of the twenty-nine U.S. Presidents elected since its founding have been Republicans, including current U.S. President George W. Bush.
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